Hair waving solution



Patented July 9, 1940 ing of hair and, in position adapted for solutionsand Ham wavmc SOLUTION Gifford D. Davis, South Orange,

to National Oil Products Oompa N. J., a corporation of New Jersey N. .L,asslgnor arrison,

No Drawing. Application February 10, 1938,

' Serial No. 189,893

12 Claims. (01. fer-87.1) The invention relates, in general, to thewavparticular, to a novel comaddition to hair waving to correlatedimprovements in waving solutions containing such compositions.

In the art of forming waves or curls of various types, such aspermanent, Marcel or finger waves, solutions, usually alkaline inployed.

In the permanent wa nature, are emving of hair by either the machine ormachine-less methods, the

conventional or saturating process comprises the hair with an firstmoistening aqueous solution of a suitable softening agent, such as soda,borax, ammonium hydroxide, hydrazine hydroxides-or any other suitablealkaline substance. The hair thus treated is then rolled or by means ofder tension,

otherwise fashioned and preferably undesired curl to the known devices,to impart the hair. The hair is dried, usually in the presence of heat,while maintained on the hair has v these devices. After driedsufliciently and assumed the desired curl or wave, it is released andthe waving operation is completed.

The alkali temporarily soften the teriously affect the hair ural oilsand otherwise e solutions usually employed to hair also serve to delebyleaching out the natadversely affecting the v final texture andappearance of the hair. Moreover, the processes as now practiced oftenhave a tendency of burning or over-steaming the hair.

The general object of the invention is to obviate the foregoing andother disadvantages.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a novel compositionwhich will minimize or prevent the burning or over-steaming of hairduring the waving thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide a composition which willinhibit the usual dryness resultin hair.

A further object of the an improved g from the permanent waving of hairwaving solution to which hubetter waving response. of the invention isto prosolution which will aid the hair in retaining its natural texture.

Other obvious It has objects objects of the invention will in part beand will in part appear hereinafter.

been found that the foregoing and other may be achieved by use of thenovel composition of the invention in hair waving solutionsand whichcomprises a soap, a degraded glyceride, (mono and/or diglycerides 'offatty acids) or mixtures thereof, and an organic solvent vehicle with orwithout a relatively small position of ma will be indicated in inventionis to provide employ an inert solvent vehicle proportion of atriglyceride. This composition may be added to any known waving solutionof the alkaline or other suitable type.

The invention accordingly comprises a comer possessing thecharacteristics, 5 properties and the relation of components which will,be exemplified in the composition hereinand the scope of the inventionthe claims.

The composition of the invention, which is soluble or emulsifiable inwater or an aqueous alkaline solution, comprises a water-soluble fattyacid soap, a degraded glyceride of a higher fatty acid and an organicsolvent vehicle. Another The composiit is essential to .40 of a suitabletype, such as a hydroxy or preferably a hydroxy-ether solvent, such asdiethylene glycol; Carbitol (diethylene glycol monethyl ether),(ethylene glycol monoethyl ether) and the like, or mixtures of these orsimilar solvents. The expression solvent vehicle is employed herein toconnote any suitable inert organic solvent or mixture of solvents whichwill function to yield the results described. The temperature underwhich saponification is carried out preferably lies within 20C. to 50 C.The quantity of alkali employed may be varied but should not besufflcient to completely saponify the triglyceride. The alkali may beadded in an amount sufiicient to partially saponify only part ofthe-triglyceride whereby tree triglyceride will remain in the flnalproduct. v

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention,reference should be had to the following examples which are given merelyto further illustrate the invention and which are not to be construed ina limiting sense.

Example I Example II 60.1 parts by weight of rice bran oil in 24.9

parts by weight of diethylene glycol are saponified with 15 parts byweightof 45% KOH. The product ls'a clear fluid which will disperse inwater or an aqueous alkaline solution.

Example III v 56.4 partsby weight of olive oil in 29.4 parts by weightof diethylene glycol are saponified with 14.2 parts by weight of 45%KOH. The resultant product is clear -and readily disperses in an aqueousmedium.

the type of waving solution to be The composition of the invention maybe added to the alkaline or other suitable waving solution in anydesired quantity depending, inter alia, upon the condition of the hairto be treated, upon used, upon the results or effects desired, etc.Excellent results have been obtained by the use of about 1 to 2 cc. ofthe composition to each ounce of waving solution. However, thisrelationship may be varied from about $4; cc. to 10 cc. per ounce ofwaving solution. The novel composition will readily blend with any ofthe known waving solutions in almost any proportion for practical use.

The use of the composition of the invention in conventional alkalinehair waving solutions materially enhances the quality of the wave and nochange in the conventional technique is necessary. Burning orover-steaming of the hair is entirely prevented or at least materiallyminimized by use of waving solutions containing the novel composition.It also makes it possible to perfectly wave over bleached, and fragilehair that would otherwise be practically impossible to do. The naturaloils and lustre of the hair are preserved and in many instances thesecharacteristics are enhanced. Moreover, the novel composition rendersthe hair more responsive to the action of the alkaline softening agents,thereby producing a better and more permanent wave. The permanent comesdown softer, with more natural life, more lustrous, resilient, andsusceptible to better styling.

While the invention is particularly adapted for the treatment of humanhair, other similar filamentary bodies may be curled by. the use of thenovel composition of the invention.

Since certain changes may bemade in the above composition of matter anddifferent embodiments of the invention could be made without departingfrom its scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the abovedescription shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limitingsense.

"It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended tocover all the generic and specific features of the invention hereindescribed .and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as amatter of language, might be said to fall therebetween; and that theyare intended to be inclusive in scope and not exclusive, in that if.

desired other materials may be added to my novel composition of matterherein claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.Particularly it is to be understood that in said claims, ingredients orcomponents recited in the singular are intended to include compatiblemixtures of said ingredients wherever the sense permits.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

l. A composition adapted for use in the waving or curling of hair withan alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprising a watersoluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higher fatty acid and an inertorganic solvent of the hydroxyether type.

2. A composition of matter adapted for use in the waving or curling ofhair with an alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprisingpartially saponified olive oil and an inert organic solvent of thehydroxy-ether typ Said partially saponified olive oil comprising watersoluble soap and degraded glyceride of higher fatty acid.

3. A composition of matter adapted for use in the waving or curling ofhair with an alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprisingpartially saponified rice bran oil and an inert organic solvent of thehydroxy-ether type, said partially saponifled rice bran oil comprisingwater soluble soap and degraded glyceride of higher fatty acid.

4. A composition of matter adapted for use in the waving or curling ofhair with an alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprisingwater soluble soap, degraded glyceride of higher fatty acid anddiethylene glycol.

5. A hair waving or curling composition comprising an alkaline hairsoftening agent, a water soluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higherfatty acid and an inert organic solvent of the hydroxy-ether type.

6. A hair waving or curling composition comprising an alkaline hairsoftening agent, a water soluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higherfatty acid and diethylene glycol.

'7. A hair waving or curling composition comprising an alkaline hairsoftening agent, partially saponified castor oil and an inert organicsolvent of the hydroxy-ether type, said partially saponified castor oilcomprising water soluble soap and degraded glyceride of higher fattyacid.

8. A hair waving or curling composition comprising an alkaline hairsoftening agent, partially saponified rice bran oil and diethyleneglycol, said'partially saponified rice bran oil comprising water solublesoap and degraded glyceride of higher fatty acid.

9. A composition adapted for use in the waving or curling of hair withan alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprising a watersoluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higher fatty acid and an inertorganic solvent of the hydroxyether type, said soap and degradedglyceride produced in the presence of said solvent.

10. A composition adapted for use in the waving or curling of hair withan alkaline hair softening agent, said composition comprising a water 4said diethylene glycol. ing or curling of hair with an alkaline hairsoftsoluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higher soap and degradedtriglyceride produced in th fatty acid and diethylene glycol, said soapand presence of said solvent. dehydrated glyceride produced in thepresence 01 12. A composition adapted for use in the wav- 11. Acomposition adapted for use in the wavening agent, said compositioncomprising a water 5 ing or curling of hair with an alkaline hairsoftsoluble soap, a degraded glyceride of a higher ening agent, saidcomposition comprisinga water fatty acid, a triglyceride and an inertorganic soluble soap, a degradedtriglyceride and an inert solvent of thehydrom-ether type. organic solvent of the hydroxy-ether type, saidGIFFORD D. DAVIS.

